Scientific Method Examples In Everyday Life

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Scientific Method Examples In Everyday Life

Scientific method, the experimental method used in mathematics and science. Specifically, it is the method used in the construction and testing of scientific hypotheses.

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The process of finding answers through observation, questioning, and experimentation is not unique to any field of science. In fact, the scientific method is widely used in science, in a variety of fields. Many sciences, especially the social sciences, use mathematical tools borrowed from probability theory and statistics, as well as their developments such as decision making, game theory, applied theory, and operations research. Philosophers of science have addressed general methodological problems, such as the nature of scientific explanation and the justification of intuitions.

The scientific method is important in the development of scientific theory, which explains the (empirical) laws of knowledge in a scientific way. In applying the scientific method, the researcher formulates a hypothesis, tests it through various methods, and then revises the hypothesis based on the results of experiments and tests. The developed hypothesis is then revised, further extended and tested again, until it is consistent with observed phenomena and experimental results. Thus, hypotheses serve as tools through which scientists gather data. From this knowledge and the various scientific studies that have been conducted to find hypotheses, scientists are able to develop general explanations, or scientific theories. Solves problems – who? What? When? Determine which products are best Make informed decisions using collected data/concepts/information Homework Research

4 Scientific Method The word science comes from the Latin word meaning “to know”. The scientific method is used to solve problems in science and everyday life Can you give an example of how you used the scientific method?

Notice: What we see using our 5 senses Ask questions: Ask questions about what we want to know from what we see. Collect data: Before making a hypothesis, we need to collect some data.

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6 The Scientific Method Formulate a hypothesis: using what we observe and collect data A hypothesis is usually an “if..then” statement that is tested for what we believe to be true Test: it is to test a hypothesis and Used to prove that it is right or wrong.

7 Experiments A controlled experiment consists of a control group that remains the same and an experimental group in which one factor is varied—known as the independent variable—the factor being measured is known as the dependent variable.

8 Analyze the results Analyze: The test results/data support the concept of the data which can be models, graphs or tables. It can be a type-color change; A quantitative number

9 Drawing Conclusions Draw conclusions: Is the hypothesis correct? . If not, you need to go back and re-evaluate the assumption and try again. Communicate Results: After many experiments with repeatable results, it is important to communicate the results. A theory (presumed to be true) or law (a fact based on repeated testing) must undergo many tests before it can be stated.

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Scientists use the Système International d’Unités (System of Internal Measurements), commonly called SI. This allows scientists to have a public way to communicate their results

1. Meter (m) – Length 2. Kilogram (kg) – Weight 3. Second (s) – Time 4. Ampere (A) – Electric Current 5. Kelvin (K) – Thermodynamic Temperature 6. Mole (Mole) – Quantity Element 7. Candela (cd) – maximum brightness

The suffixes are: Kilo = 1000 cm = 1/100th milliliter = 1/1000th 1 meter = 100 centimeters = 1000 millimeters

To operate this website, we collect user data and share it with processors. To use this website, you must agree to our Privacy Policy, including the Cookie Policy Uncertainty exists in ways of studying and understanding nature because not everything that scientists study is directly observable, there are no absolute truths or absolute rules that govern science. In science we think of experiments, challenges and questions

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2 The scientific method is concerned with solving most problems in the biological sciences. Problems can be environmental, environmental, health related, etc. Scientists use a series of steps (the scientific method) to answer questions about the world.

A logical and systematic way or way of solving a problem. A proposed method of using world study evidence.

7 The Scientific Method Let’s break each of these steps down into their individual parts: Ask a Question Conduct a Celebration Research Create a Hypothesis Think! Try Again Test and Test Analyze Draw Results Hypothesis True Hypothesis False or Partially True Statement Conclusion

Inferences are logical explanations of what you see. The question then arises……why should I care? Notice that the trees closest to my neighbors’ gardens are bigger than the trees in my yard

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12 Scientific Method 2. Research Hypothesis-Scientific and Testable Explanation “If…… then……” If I put fertilizer on my plants, they will grow.

14 Scientific Method 3. Experimental Method- designed to test hypotheses. Divide the study you are attempting into groups: #1 Experimental group- Given the object being tested or changed in some way. It has a modified version. #2 Control group – not changed. “Comparison Group” #3 constant- some characters are the same in both groups. Experimental group fertilizer control group no fertilizer

15 Scientific Method Variables in an experiment—factors that can change. Independent variable- a factor in an experiment that is intentional (changed)-independent of fertilizer- dependent variable- a factor that is observed when measured scientifically- plant height and? Try changing only one variable when you have multiple constants.

To test the results of a cross-sectional study, other scientists should be able to reproduce it and get the same results.

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Independent Variable Control Group Compare Dependent Variable Observe Outcome Over Time Observe Outcome Over Time

Qualitative data – physical characteristics (characteristics) can be described Quantitative data – measurements (numbers) can be taken Pictures, tables, graphs Observed behavior.

Metric System or (SI)- 10 Mass-gram (g) Volume-liter (L) Distance-meter (m) Temperature- Kelvin (K) or Celsius (OC) System of measurement used worldwide by scientists based on mass

The hypothesis is supported or rejected. It’s “never a given!” If supported  further testing If rejected  hypothesis changed and tested again May be partially true Findings are always useful!!!

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24 Contact Test results are reported in written reports formally published in scientific journals. Other scientists can design and analyze the results or repeat the experiment themselves. Repetition is a positive review of the validity of scientific results.

To operate this website, we collect user data and share it with processors. To use this website, you must agree to our Privacy Policy, including the Cookie Policy A way of exploring the world and looking at nature to create general rules for what is happening

These are the steps an individual takes to identify a question, develop a hypothesis, develop and implement steps or procedures to test the hypothesis, and share observations and findings with others. In other words, it is a way to solve a problem.

Example: We use scientific method in daily life. (What can be seen?)

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Prediction: dead battery, light problem, out of gas Test (test): turn on light, check spark plug wire, dip stick in gas tank Check: ignition light works, spark ignition power, dip stick-no gas on gas gauge reads halfway Complete. Summary and Conclusion: Gauges are not accurate without gas

Scientists must take time to think logically when investigating a question or problem. The problem is always in the form of a question.

Scientists formulate a question, collect data, and develop a hypothesis. – Assumptions are in the form of a statement. – If so the reason. . .

Hypothesis: If all objects fall when they fall, the force of gravity will do work (true) because the object will not be able to resist the force of gravity. Test it by Dropping Items Each item we drop in our prediction tests, successful tests increase confidence in our predictions.

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What if we drop a helium balloon? What if we drop something in a spaceship? Does it invalidate our thinking?

15 Two groups Control group (what stays the same in the experiment to compare the change) Experimental group (the change you are testing)

16 Variables: Independent (operating) variable: the condition or event under study, which we change in the experiment Dependent (response) variable: the condition that can be changed by the influence of the independent variable.

Contains: Problem/Objective To explain whether the hypothesis is valid (correct) or whether the data from the experiment needs to be improved (changed).

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Complete your kernel notes by writing a summary at the end of your notes. All elements of the following Cornell Notes must be present to receive credit. Title, date, key words or questions, notes, summary

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